Spraying apparatus



L. W. CAPSER SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed March 2, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet Mmm wm VA mclw. WV o pw., E 1

A T' T'OFFNEYS Feb. 2, 1932.

Feb. 2, .1932. Y L. w. cAPsER 1,843,269

SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed March 2, 1929 4 sheets-'sheet 2 A TTQRNEYS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 R O w ,M 5 D 3 e 7 L 7 Z 5 5 4 M d ,4 6 e .,li A Z e L Feb. 2, 1932. 1 w. cAPsER SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed March 2. 1929 5 L Eo W QAPSER ym/ MM ATTORNEYS Feb. 2, 1932. l.. w. cAPsER SPRAYING APPARATUS Filed March 2. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEYS Pateafed Feb. 2, 1932 vPfarr-:N

r oFFica LEO W. cArsEn, F sT. PAUL, MINNESOTA SPRAYING APPARATUS Application led .Harch 2,

My invention relates to improvements in liquid spraying apparatus or air, brushes, adapted for spraying lacquers, paints, oils, varnishes, and other liquid materials. Such 5, material as lacquer, because of its viscousness and quick-drying qualities, has been f ound difficult to uniformly apply with a hair' brush, especially 'when coating a large surface, resulting-from the inherent tendency of the lacquer to set quickly. Itis therefore desirable to apply lacquer Withan air brush, as this method is much quicker and .permits a relatively large surface to be coated before l the material sets or driessufliciently-to cause avariance inthe thickness of the coating.

Ordinary air brushes or spraying apparatus,such as'are now commonly used, are notl particularly'well adapted for sprayingv lacquer, because of the construction of the container for the coatingA material, and the -means for supporting the container' on the air brush, whichmeans also forms a closure for the container, The common type of container is constructed of a non-porous ma? terial, usually glass or metal, and is detachably secured tothe closure by suitable clamping Imeans o r threads. The joint-between the upper open end ofthe container and the closure, is usually sealed by a flexible gasket of a suitable material such as leather, for ex-4 ample.' In use, this gasket soon becomes saturated with thecqating material, which, in its flowing state, also tends to seep into the joints or between the parts employed for se- 135 curingthe container to the closure, thereby .making it difficult to detach the container from the closure,because of the liquid setting and drying in these joints.

When an air brush is to be used forspray-v `40 ing different kinds of coating material as, for

example, lacquer and paint, it is necessary to thoroughly cleanse the container and its closure of one material,` beforeintreducing another therein, as will readilybe seen, when 45 it is understood that lacquer will not mix with a coating material having an oil base, and usually mixing onesuch material with another of a different characteristic, will des stroy A the quality ofthe material. This rel 30 quires the removal of the saturated gasket brush structure.

192e. serial' No. 344,001.

and the substitutionV of a new one, each time the air brush is to be used for ar different material, particularly when changing from one color to another. ,Also, due to the chem? ical reaction resulting from mixing some materials, itis essential-that the apparatus be thoroughly cleaned and` free from one material before using it for another.

.An object ofthe present invention is to provide in combination with an air brush'or 60 l spraying apparatus, an inexpensive easily replaceable container and means for detachably securing itthereto. The container may be constructed of a suitable inexpensive material so that it` may be destroyed or discarded es after use and-a new one substituted therefor, v( particularly, when changing from one' color to another, thereby eliminating the expensive .operation of cleaning the container, which is now common practice. I have found that by using my improved container in connection with an air brush, it is cheaper to substitute a newl containerffor the one used, than it isto clean the used container, because of the laborrequi-re'd to remove.the coating mate. 75 rial from the walls thereof;

A further object is to provfdean improvedy liquid container forJ an air brush, and an improved means for detachably securing the.-

container thereto.- The container isprefer-` ably constructed of a suitable `inexpensive material such as paper, which maybe manufactured in quantity production, at aj ve`ry low cost, whereby it may be destroyed ordiscarded after use; and the means fordetachably securing. the container `to the air brush,l comprises a .member adapted to 'surround the -container and to engage andsecure the upper portion thereof to the container.closure,

the latter usually forming a part4 of the air 90 A more specific Objectis to provide aninl expensive container. constructed of a suitable; material, whereby the walls of the container will havethe inherent characteristieof comressibility, and in a novel means for attachlng the container to the closure of a spray gun, said means being adapted -to'grip and compress 'a portion of the container wall to secure the container to the closure, and the 10U lfrom the following commonly used in connection with ordinary` spray guns, must be cleanedthoroughly and often, otherwise they may carry one vcolor into another with disastrous results.

ther objects of the invention will appear description and accompanying drawings and will be pointed out in the annexed claims. f

In the accompanying drawings, there has been disclosed a structure designed to carry out the various objects of the invention, but

it is to be understood that the invention is not Confined to the exact features shown, as various changesmay be made withinthe sco e of the claims whichfollow.

n the drawings;

Figure 1, is a view, partially in section, showing the invention embodied in the construction of a well-known type of air brush;

Figure 2 is a; perspective view showing the container removed from the air brush;

Figure 3 is a view showing a container supporting means oItl modified form;

Figure 4 is a view showing another type of air brush with the invention embodied therein;l Figure 5 is a view showing the container illustrated in Figure 4c, before the clamping ring is tightened; i

' Figure 6 is a view showing a modification wherein the container is provided at its upperportion with an outwardly turned flange 45 adapted to be secured to the closure by a clamping member Figure 7 is a view showing a container similar to the one illustrated in Figure 6, secured to the closure by a threaded member ;v

`Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7, but

. showinga container.. whose walls are cylindrical and not tapered, as in the other figures; Figure 9 isa 'detail view illustrating the i forked terminals of the yoke;

FigurelO is a view illustrating another manner of attaching the container to thev closure Figure 11 is a plan view of the clamping member shown in Figure 10;

"deo

Figure 12 is a fragmental view illustrating a portionof the container, closure, and clamp- I ing band, shown in Figures 10 and 11;

. Figure 13 illustrates Ithe invention appliedl to an 'air brush o ordinary construction, in this instance the liquid supporting member forming a liner for the usual non-destructible container;

Figure 14C is a view illustrating the liner used in connectionpwith akcontainerl having a screw top; and

Figure 15 is a view showing a cup similar to the one shown in Figurew2, supportedA within a skeleton frame. Y

In the selected embodiment of the invention, there is illustrated in Figure 1, a conventional spraying apparatus or air brush of the suction type, comprising a body 1, having a valve chamber 2 therein provided witha spring-actuated air control valve 3. This valve is shown as having a stem 4, slidable in a suitable guide and adapted to be engaged by a projection 5, provided on a trigger 6, pivotally mounted in the body 2, as shown. The valve chamber 2 has an air intake 7, adapted-for connection with a suitable source of fluid pressure, Isuch as compressed air. For the sake of clarity, I have shown this intake located on t-op of the body 1. A suitable liquid-spray head 8 is secured to the body 1, and communicates with the valve chamber 2, by means of a duct 9. The body l has a suitable hand grip 11.

The'spray head "Sis of ordinary construction, and is here shown provided with the usual liquid control valve 12,. formed at one end of a rod 13, the opposite end of which is operatively connected with the trigger 6, so that when the latter is actuated to open the air control valve 3, the liquid control valve 12 may also be opened. The coating liquid or material is"delivered by suction, to the valve 12v through a passage 14, and a suction tube 15, having its lower end submerged in the coating liquid. The action of the air passing through the spray head 8, creates a suction in the passage 14 and tube 15, in the usual manner;

Tn apparatus of this character, the liquid to be sprayed is usually held in a container or receptacle, demountably supported beneath the 'body 1, and positioned so that the lower end of the suctiontube 15 will be submerged in the coating liquid contained therein, as will be understood by reference to Figure 1. Tt is to the container, and the novel means provided for attaching it to the air brush, that this invention particularly pertains.

As shown in Figure 1, a container 16, is constructed of a suitable material such, for eXample, as paper, havingI the inherent characteristic of compressibility. This container is adapted to be supported beneath the body 1 of the air brush. The yupper portion of the container is secured in a closure 17, having a tubular member 18 secured thereto by means of a nut 19. The upper portion of the suction tube 15 is suitably secured lin the tubular member 18, and is provided with a terminal head 21 having a conical face 22 adapted to be seated in a correspondingly shaped seat 23, provided in the threaded extension 24, preferably integrally formed with the portion of the spray head 8. The head 21 of the suction tube is secured to the threaded extension 24 by a suitable nut 26, shown in Figure 1. The portion 25 of the spray head 8 is secured inJthe body 1 of the air brush by a` nut 27 received in threaded engagement with the extension 24. The upper portion of the nut 24 is counterbored to receive the depending portion 28 of the body 1, .to detachably secure the spray head`8 thereto.I

; of the container is'adapted'to receive a correspondingly tapered depending flange 29,

provided on the closure 17. vThe diameter of the flange 29 is such that when the'container is fitted lthereto, it will snugly engage the outer surface of the flange. A lock ring 31 is received in threaded engagement with a flange 32, provided exteriorly of the flange 29. The bore of the locky ring 31 is tapered to 'correspond with the taper of the container wall and also the taper of the flange 29. When the lock ring is screwed into the flange 32, the upper marginal .portion of the con@ -tainerwill be securely clamped between thel ring 31l and the inner flanges 29, as shown lin Figure f1, thereby detachably securing the container to the closure. Because of the container wall being7 capable of being compressed, the portion thereof which is seated between the flange 29 and the ring 31, will 't act as a gasket and seal. the 4connection be' tween the closure and .the container and thus eliminate the use of a separate gasket, as will readily be understood by reference to Fig- The form of container above described is inexpensive, so that it may be thrown away or discarded after use, and a new one substituted therefor, whenV the air brush is again used, rather than to go to the expense of cleaning it, as is now common practice, when' changing from one job to another. Thus. the costly operationof cleaning the container, each time rthe air brush has been used, may

be dispensed with. It will also be seen that n'ol gaskets of any kindl are used for sealing the joint between the container and the closure 17 The upper portion of the container wall forms inef'fect a gasket, when. secured between the lock ring 31, and theflange 32 ofthe closure. Figure 3 illustrates. a `modified constructioriwherein the container 16 is supported on `lafclosure` 34by a depending flange 33, and a yclamping ringl 35, axially movable with rea rotatable member 37, havinga sleeve por-` tion 38 received in threaded engagement with the yoke 36, and provided with a linger grip 39, whereby it may be conveniently rotated. The member 37 is mounted for rotary movement` upon thetubular member 18, and by.. reason of its threaded engagement with the yoke 36, when it'is rotated, the yoke will be axlally translated with respect to the tubular member 18 and closure 34, thereby causing the clamping ring 35 to .clamp the upper marginal portion of the containerlbetween it and the annular flange 33. The clamping ring 35 i is provided with oppositely projecting pins' 41, received in the forked terminals 42 of the yoke 36, (see Figure 9). t

To remove the container 16 from the closure 34, shown in Figure 3, the member 37 is ro# tatedto cause the yoke 36 to be moved ina downward direction, thereby causing the clamping ring 35 torelease its grip upon the upper portion of the container. The clamping ring is then relatively rotated with respect tothe closure, sufficiently to cause the pins 41 to become disengaged from the forked terminals 42 of the yoke, after which the container andring may be removed from the flange 33. 'To attach the container to the closure 34, the closure may be litted onto spect to the'flange 33 by a yoke 36, operable by the tapered flange 33, and the clamping ring 35 slippedover the container, and its opposed pins 41 engaged with the terminals 42. The member 37 is then relativelyrotated to cause the yoke 36 to be movedl in an upward direction, thereby clamping the upper portion of the. container between the clamping ring 35 andl taperedflange 33.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the invention as 'i applied to an air brush 43vdiliering -somewhat in construction from-the brush shownl in Figure 1. The brush 43 is provided with` f the usual nozzle'44 and has a hollow hand grip 45, `having its lower end adapted to be connected 'to a flexible connection 46, leading to a suitable source of air supply. A trigger 47 is provided for operating asuitable valve A mechanism, not shown, which is adapted to control the supplylof air to the nozzle 44.

A threaded extension 48 is provided at ,the

forward portion of the body of the 'air brush ceived in threaded engagement with the closure 51, andis preferably alined with the eX- l43, and has a closure 49 secured thereto by suitable threads 51. A suction tube 52 is retension 48 and depends downwardly into the container .53, as indicated by the full and ldotted lines in Figure 4. The construction of the container shown in Figures 4 and 5 is similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 2.

'The means provided for securing the container 53 `to the closure 49, consists of a depending flange 54, preferably integrallyv formed with the closure 49." This flange is provided .with a relatively ycoarse thread per edge ofthe container. In other words, when the `lock ring snugly engages the upper portion of the container, the upper edge of the latter will be spaced from the upper edge of the lock ring, as shown in Figure 5. Thus, it will be seen that when the lock ring is screwed into the threaded flange 54 of the closure 49, the upper edge of the container 53, when it engages the bottom of the closure 49, will upset, thereby sealing the joint` between the container and the closure to prevent leakage. The container may be readily detached from the closure 49, by simply unscrewing the lock ring 55, `after which the container may be disengaged from the ring 55.

Figure 6 illustrates a modified construction wherein a container 56 is provided at its upper portion with an outwardly turned marginal flange 57, adapted to be clamped be-y tween a closure 58 and the clamping ring 35, supported in the yoke 36, as shown and de scribed with reference to Figure 3. The closure 58 is preferably provided with a depending annular flange 59 to provide means for centering the container in the closure 59. This flange may be dispensed with, ifdeslred, as the container will be substantially centered in the closure, when the clamping ring 1s engaged with the yoke 36. ln the form here shown, the marginal flange 57 at the upper portion of the container is clamped between the upper edge of the clampmgmng 35 and the closure 58, when the yoke 36 1s moved upwardly by rotation of the member 37. y

Figure 7 illustrates another. form vcompris'ing a closure A61 having a depending threaded flange 62, adapted to receive a lock ring 63 similar to the one showni in F1gure 1. The container 56 here shown, 1s snnilar to that shown in Figure 6, and the marginal Lce flange 57 provided at the upper portion thereof is adapted to be clamped between the lock ring 63 and the bottom face of the closure 61, -when the ring 63 is screwed into the flange 62.

Figure 8 illustrates a construction similar to that shown in Figure 7 with the exception that the walls of the container 64 are cylindrical, and not tapered, as shown in the other figures. In the form shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, where the container is provided with the outwardly turned annular flange 57, a slight variation in the bore of Vthe securing rings 35, 63, and 65 will have no .particular yeffect upon'the sealing o f `the,joint between the upper portion of thc receptacles and their respective closures, as these joints are sealed by pressure of the rings against the flanges 57 of the containers.

In Figures 1 to 5, it is desirable that the bores of the locking members be of such size with respect to the upper portions of the containers that they will snugly engage the upper portions thereof, before the locking members are moved into clamping engagement with their respective members. v A slight variation, however, in the locking members 31 and 35, shown in Figures 1 and 3 respectively, will have no effect on the securing of the upper portion of the container to the closures, because of the taper provided in the bores of the locking members and the flanges 29 and 33.

Y Figures 10, 11,and 12 illustrate another form wherein the closure 66 is provided with an annular member 67, adapted to be engaged by the upper portion of a container 68, as shown in Figure 10. A band 69vis adapted to encircle the upper marginal edge of the container 68 and the member 67, and

is here shown as being provided with terminal lugs 71 and 72. A threaded stem or eye bolt 73 is pivote'd to the lug 71, and the other lug 72 is forked to vreceive thestem 73. A

'wing nut `74 is received in -threaded engagement with the stem 7 3 `to contract the band to secure the container tothe member 67. A. peripheral groove 75 is preferably provided in the member 67, and a longitudinally eX- tending rib or bead 76 is provided in the band 69, which cooperates with the groove 75 to secure the container wall to the member 67 in leak-proof fashion.

Figure 13 illustrates the invention as applied -to an air brush comprising the usual non-destructible container 7, having pins 78 in the upper-portion thereof adapted ,to be vengaged by the yoke 36, for attaching it to the closure 79. The upper rolled edge 81 of the container is adapted to be seated against the outwardly turned flange 82 of a' liner 83, constructed of an inexpensive, destructible material such as paper. i. f

The closure 79, shown in Figure13, is of ordinary construction, and has an annular seat or depression 84, wherein the usual porousgasket is adapted to be seated. The gasket is not shown in the drawings. When my improved li'ner83 isused in connection .with such an air brush, `the usual gasket is dispensedwith, as it will Vbe seen that the flange v82 of the container takes the placel joint between thereof and tightly seals the the container and closure.

Figure 14 illustrates a closure 49, such as shown. in Figures 4 and 5, having a non-deA structible container 85 received in threaded engagement therewith, andin which a liner 86 is secured, the upper portion of which is provided with a flange 87 adapted to be seated against the upper edge of the container 85,. This flange acts asa gasket in a manner similar to the one shown in'Fig. 13. Figure 15 illustrates another formv wherein a container or liner 88 is supported within an open frame 89. The upper portion-of the frame 89 is preferably secured in a ring 91, having pins 92 adapted to be engaged by the forked terminals 42 of the yoke ,36. The upper marginal edge o f the liner 88 is secured in leak-proof fashion between the depending tapered flange 33, and the upper portion of the frame 89, which is strengthened by the ring'9l. When the containers for the coating liquidare to lbe supported withinan outer enclosing member, such as the usual non-destructible containers 7:7 and 85, or the frame 89, shown -in vFigures 13, 14, and 15,'respectively, they maybe made of a comparatively thin material, with a resultant reduction in the cost of manufacture. In each instance, however, a portion of the container wall acts as a gasket whereby the use of separable gaskets is dispensed with. This is made possible as a result of the container being constructed-of a suitable material having the inherent characteristic of/being capable of. being compressed, as hereinbefore stated. 1t is to be understood that the various forms of destructble containers and liners, shown in vent seepage of the coating liquid there-` the various figures'of the drawings are treated with a suitable material to render the walls thereof substantially non-absorbent, Ato prethrough. c e

In all of `the above forms, it will be seen that the container or. liner may readily be detached from the closure of the air brush without loss vof time, and because of the inexpensive construction of the container, it may be discarded after use and a new one 40 rsubstituted therefor, when the air brush vis the threads.

againl used, or when changing from one col-or to another. By thus discardingthe used container, the cost of cleaning the container each time it is to be used is dispensed with, thereby reducing the cost of operation, as ,itl is -well known that the operation of cleaning a container after use, particularly, if it is to be used for another color, is an expensive one, because of the inherent tendencies of the coating material, particularly lacquer, to adhere to the walls of the container. It will also/be noted that no gaskets are empoyed, and the construct-ion and arrangement 'of the parts is such as to positively prevent the coating material from coming in direct contact with the threads provided for securing the lock rings or members to their respective closures. This is an important feature as itlpreven'ts the threads from becoming locked to one an-v other,wliich^is a common occurrence when the A coating material is In the'drawings, I'have shown lan air brush of the well-known suction type, wherein the coating liquidis delivered tothe spray head permitted to seep between flange within said recess adapted to cooperr ate withsa'id tapered flange to detachably from the liquid container, by suction, caused by the How of air under pressure through the s ray head. It is to be understood, however,

' t at the invention is not limited to this particular type of air brush, as it readily lends itself for use in connection' with other types such as thewell-known pressure and gravlty types. I

I claim as my invention:

l. A container unit comprising a container for coating materials, having tapering walls, a closure for said container, an annular member on said closure having a portion tapered to substantially lit the inner tapered wall portion vof the `container, a correspondingly tapered member received in threaded engage- -`ment with said closure and adapted to cooperate with said fixed member to clampingly grip the tapered wall portion of the container to detachably secure said container to said closure in leak-proof relation.

2. A container'unit comprising a container for coatin materials, having tapering walls, a closure i or said container, an annulus secured to and dependingfrom said closure and "haying its outer surface ada ted to substantially Iit the inner tapered wa 1 portion of said container, a threaded flange on said closure encircling said annulus, and a ring member received., in threaded engagementv with saidA flange and cooperating with said'annulus to clampingly engage the tapered wall portion of said container to detachably secure the container lation.

'3. A container unit comprising a container for coating materials, having tapering walls,

to said vclosure in leak-proof re-` 'a closure for said container, an annulus secured to and depending from said closure and having its outer surface tapered to substantially lit the upper inner wall portion of said container, a threaded flange on said closure4 encircling said annulus, and a ring member received in threaded engagement with said 'flange and cooperating with said annulus to 'clamp the upper marginal edge of the container therebetween vin substantially, leakproof relation.

4. A container runit comprising a container for coating materials, having tapering walls,

a closure for said-container, an annulus sel cured to and dependingfrom said closure and having its outer surface tapered to substantially fit the upper inner wall portion of said container, an interiorly threaded liange on said closure encircling said annulus and v spaced therefrom to provide an annular recessadapted A'to Kreceive the upper marginal walll portion ofthe container, and an exteriorly threaded ring member adapted to be received in threaded engagement with said stantially leak-proof relation.

5. A containerunit adapted for use inf connection with a spray gun, said unit comprising a container of a compressible material whose walls are substantially impervious to a coating material, a closure for s aid container having a depending flange adaptedto be fitted' \into the upper lportion vof the container,`a

.member having a bore adapted to receive the container and toI fit an outer wall portion 10 thereof, and rotatable means for relatively axially translating-the member whereby the upper `marginal wall portion of the container may be clamped between said member and said closure flange in leak-proof relation.

6. A container unit adapted for use in connection with a spray gun, said unit comprisf ingla semi-rigid container of a compressible material whose walls are substantially impervious to a coating material, a closure for 20 said container, an annular member fixed to said closure andhaving a portion adapted to be fitted into the upper `portion of the container, a movable member adapted to encircle said fixed member and cooperable therewith tov clampingly engage the upper wall portion ofthe container. and threaded means operatively connected with saidmovable memberv whereby said member may be relatively axially moved to cause the upper marginal wall portion of the container to be securely clampedbetween ysaid members in leak-proof relation. .c

7. A container unit adapted for use in connection with a spray gun, said unit compris- 35 ing a container. of acompressible material whose walls are substantially impervious to spraying materials, a closure for the container covering the mouth and extended over the upper edge of the container and having an annular seat adapted' to be engaged by an upper portion of the container, a member having a bore adapted to receive the container and to itan outer wall portion thereof, and

means for relativel axiallytranslating the 45. member whereby the upper marginal wall yportion of the container may be clamped between said member and said seat in leak-proof relation.

8. A container unit, comprising a container and a closure for the container covering the mouth and extended over the upper edge of the container and having an annular seat adapted to ,be engaged by an upper portion of the container, a member having a, bore adapted to receive the container and to fit an outer wall portion thereof, and means for relatively axially translating the member whereby the upper marginal wall portion of the container may be clamped between said member and said seat'in leak-proof relation.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of February, 1929.

1 LEO W. CAPSER. 

